Symax SL

Generic name: Hyoscyamine sulfate

Drug class: Anticholinergics/antispasmodics

Dosage form: Sublingual tablet

Root of administration: Sublingual

Dose: Adults and adolescents 12 years and older: 1 to 2 tablets three or four times a day, thirty minutes to one hour before meals and at bedtime. Dosage may be increased to every four hours as needed. Do not exceed 12 tablets in 24 hours. Geriatric patients may be more sensitive to the effects of the usual adult dose.

Mechanism of action: Hyoscyamine sulfate is an anticholinergic agent that inhibits acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors, leading to reduced smooth muscle spasms and decreased gastrointestinal motility.

Drug usage cases:

• Irritable Bowel Syndrome
• Diverticulitis
• Anticholinesterase Poisoning
• Neurogenic Bladder
• Parkinsonian Tremor

Drug contra indications:

• Hypersensitivity to hyoscyamine sulfate or any component of the formulation
• Glaucoma
• Myasthenia Gravis
• Obstructive uropathy
• Severe ulcerative colitis
• Paralytic ileus
• Severe ulcerative colitis

Side effects:

• Dry mouth
• Blurred vision
• Constipation
• Urinary retention
• Tachycardia
• Confusion
• Hallucinations
• Heat intolerance
• Skin rash
• Allergic reactions

Warnings:

• Use with caution in patients with cardiovascular disease, renal impairment, or hepatic dysfunction
• May impair the ability to perform tasks requiring mental alertness
• Use caution in elderly patients due to increased sensitivity
• Discontinue if signs of anticholinergic toxicity occur
• Monitor for signs of urinary retention
• May cause drowsiness; avoid alcohol and other central nervous system depressants

Use during pregnancy or breastfeeding: Hyoscyamine sulfate is classified as a Category C drug during pregnancy, indicating that risk cannot be ruled out. It should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. It is not known whether hyoscyamine sulfate is excreted in human milk. Caution should be exercised when administering to nursing mothers, and a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or the drug, considering the importance of the drug to the mother.