Zyvox Injection

Generic name: Linezolid

Drug class: Oxazolidinone-class antibacterial

Dosage form: Injection

Route of administration: Intravenous (IV) infusion

Dose:

• Adults and adolescents (12 years and older): 600 mg twice daily (every 12 hours) administered via IV infusion over 30 to 120 minutes.
• Children up to 12 years of age: 10 mg/kg three times daily (every 8 hours) administered via IV infusion over 30 to 120 minutes.

Mechanism of action: Linezolid inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 23S ribosomal RNA of the 50S subunit, preventing the formation of a functional 70S initiation complex, thereby halting bacterial growth.

Drug usage cases:

• Nosocomial pneumonia
• Community-acquired pneumonia
• Complicated skin and skin structure infections, including diabetic foot infections without concomitant osteomyelitis
• Uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections
• Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium infections

Drug contraindications:

• Known hypersensitivity to linezolid or any of its components
• Concurrent use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) or within two weeks of discontinuing an MAOI

Side effects:

• Myelosuppression (including anemia, leukopenia, pancytopenia, and thrombocytopenia)
• Peripheral and optic neuropathy
• Serotonin syndrome, especially when used with serotonergic agents
• Elevated blood pressure, particularly in patients consuming foods high in tyramine
• Hypoglycemia in diabetic patients
• Hyponatremia and/or syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH)
• Rhabdomyolysis

Warnings:

• Monitor complete blood counts weekly during therapy, especially in patients with pre-existing myelosuppression or those receiving concomitant drugs that suppress bone marrow
• Discontinue therapy if myelosuppression occurs or worsens
• Monitor visual function in patients receiving treatment for 3 months or longer; discontinue if visual symptoms occur
• Monitor blood pressure regularly; avoid foods and beverages high in tyramine during treatment
• Monitor blood glucose levels in diabetic patients; adjust therapy as needed
• Monitor serum sodium levels, particularly in elderly patients or those on diuretics
• Discontinue therapy if rhabdomyolysis occurs

Use during pregnancy or breastfeeding:

Pregnancy: Linezolid should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Animal studies have shown adverse effects on the fetus, but these findings may not be directly applicable to humans.

Breastfeeding: It is not known whether linezolid is excreted in human milk. Due to the potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.