Oxymetazoline

Generic name: Oxymetazoline

Brand names: Afrin

Drug class: Decongestant

Dosage form: Nasal spray

Route of administration: Intranasal

Available Dose:

• Nasal spray: 0.05%

Mechanism of action: Oxymetazoline is a direct-acting sympathomimetic amine. It acts on alpha-adrenergic receptors in the nasal mucosa, producing vasoconstriction, which results in decreased blood flow and decreased nasal congestion.

Drug usage cases: Oxymetazoline is used for the temporary relief of nasal congestion due to common cold, hay fever, and other upper respiratory allergies.

Drug contraindications: Contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to oxymetazoline or any of its components.

Side effects: Common side effects include temporary burning, stinging, dryness in the nose, runny nose, and sneezing. Prolonged use may cause rebound congestion.

Warnings: Caution is advised in patients with cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, diabetes, hyperthyroidism, and prostatic hypertrophy.

Use during pregnancy or breastfeeding: Oxymetazoline is categorized as a pregnancy category C drug. It should only be used during pregnancy if needed. It is unknown if oxymetazoline is excreted in human milk; therefore, caution should be exercised when administered to breastfeeding women.