Beclomethasone

Brand name: QVAR
Drug class: Adrenals

Dosage form: Inhaler (Metered-Dose Inhaler, Dry Powder Inhaler), Nasal spray, Cream, Lotion

Route of administration: Inhalation, Nasal, Topical

Available Dose:

• Inhaler: Typically available in doses like 40 mcg, 80 mcg, 100 mcg per actuation.
• Nasal spray: Commonly 50 mcg per spray.
• Topical forms: Concentrations vary according to the formulation.

Mechanism of action: Beclomethasone is a synthetic glucocorticoid with anti-inflammatory, vasoconstrictive, and immunosuppressive properties. It reduces inflammation by causing several effects: inhibiting the migration of leukocytes and fibroblasts; reversing capillary permeability; and stabilizing lysosomes at the cellular level. This leads to reduced swelling, redness, itching, and allergic reactions.

Drug usage cases: Beclomethasone is used in the management of asthma as a preventive treatment. It is also used to treat allergic rhinitis (including hay fever) and nasal polyps. Topical forms are used for certain skin conditions like eczema, psoriasis, and dermatitis.

Drug contra indications: Contraindicated in patients with untreated fungal, bacterial, systemic viral infections, or hypersensitivity to beclomethasone or any component of the formulation.

Side effects: Common side effects for inhaled forms include a sore throat, coughing, hoarseness, and oral thrush. Nasal spray may lead to nosebleeds, sore throat, or nasal irritation. Topical forms can cause skin thinning, irritation, and discoloration.

Warnings: Patients using beclomethasone should avoid exposure to chickenpox or measles. Long-term use of high doses can lead to systemic corticosteroid effects such as adrenal suppression. Patients should rinse their mouth after inhalation to reduce the risk of oral thrush.

Use during pregnancy or breastfeeding: The safety of beclomethasone during pregnancy and breastfeeding has not been fully established. It should be used only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus or nursing infant.

Beclomethasone is a key medication in managing respiratory and skin inflammatory conditions, offering significant benefits when used correctly. However, like all medications, it must be used under the supervision of a healthcare provider to minimize potential side effects and interactions.