Camila

Generic name: Norethindrone

Drug class: Progestin-only oral contraceptive (mini-pill)

Dosage form: Tablets (0.35 mg)

Root of administration: Oral

Dose: 0.35 mg once daily at the same time each day; if dose is taken >3 hours late, use backup contraception for 48 hours

Mechanism of action: Suppresses ovulation, increases cervical mucus viscosity to inhibit sperm penetration, and alters endometrial lining to prevent implantation.

Drug usage cases:

• Contraception in women of childbearing potential
• Management of abnormal uterine bleeding
• Endometriosis-associated pelvic pain (off-label)
• Secondary amenorrhea (off-label)
• Premenstrual syndrome (off-label)

Drug contra indications:

• Known or suspected pregnancy
• Current or history of breast cancer or other progesterone-dependent tumors
• Undiagnosed abnormal genital bleeding
• Active liver disease, including benign or malignant hepatic tumors
• Hypersensitivity to norethindrone or any component of the formulation

Side effects:

• Irregular menstrual bleeding (spotting, breakthrough bleeding)
• Headache
• Nausea
• Bloating
• Breast tenderness
• Weight gain
• Acne
• Mood changes, including depression and irritability
• Dizziness
• Fatigue
• Hair loss (alopecia)
• Risk of ectopic pregnancy if contraception fails

Warnings:

• Strict adherence to dosing schedule; efficacy decreases if dose is taken >3 hours late
• Does not protect against HIV/AIDS or other sexually transmitted infections
• May aggravate existing epilepsy, migraines, asthma, renal dysfunction, or cardiac conditions
• Monitor for signs of depression and mood disturbances
• Use caution in patients with cardiovascular disorders or risk factors
• Observe for hepatic impairment; discontinue if jaundice occurs
• Potential for bone mineral density reduction with long-term use

Use during pregnancy or breastfeeding:

• Pregnancy: Contraindicated if pregnancy is confirmed or suspected; discontinue use immediately.
• Breastfeeding: Norethindrone is excreted in human milk in low concentrations; generally considered compatible with breastfeeding, especially after 6 weeks postpartum; monitor infant for adverse effects.