Genebs

Generic name: Acetaminophen

Drug class: Analgesic-Antipyretic

Dosage form: Tablet, Capsule

Route of administration: Oral

Dose:

• Adults and adolescents (over 60 kg): 500 mg per dose, up to 4 times daily; maximum single dose: 1 g; maximum daily dose: 4 g.
• Children aged 6-12 years: 250-500 mg per dose, up to 4 times daily; maximum single dose: 500 mg; maximum daily dose: 2 g.
• Children aged 1-5 years: 120-250 mg per dose, up to 4 times daily; maximum single dose: 250 mg; maximum daily dose: 1 g.
• Infants aged 3 months to 1 year: 60-120 mg per dose, up to 4 times daily; maximum single dose: 120 mg; maximum daily dose: 480 mg.
• Infants under 3 months: 10 mg/kg per dose, up to 4 times daily; maximum single dose: 10 mg/kg; maximum daily dose: 40 mg/kg.

Mechanism of action: Acetaminophen exerts analgesic and antipyretic effects by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis in the central nervous system, primarily affecting the hypothalamic heat-regulating center to reduce fever.

Drug usage cases:

• Relief of mild to moderate pain, including headaches, toothaches, menstrual cramps, muscle aches, and minor arthritis.
• Reduction of fever associated with various conditions.

Drug contraindications:

• Hypersensitivity to acetaminophen or any component of the formulation.
• Severe hepatic impairment or active liver disease.
• Chronic alcohol use or alcohol dependence.

Side effects:

• Common: Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, loss of appetite.
• Less common: Allergic reactions such as skin rash, itching, or swelling.
• Rare but serious: Hepatotoxicity, including liver failure; signs may include yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice), dark urine, persistent nausea or abdominal pain, unusual fatigue, or loss of appetite.

Warnings:

• Do not exceed the recommended dose to avoid risk of liver damage.
• Avoid concurrent use with other acetaminophen-containing products to prevent accidental overdose.
• Use caution in patients with pre-existing liver disease or heavy alcohol use.
• Discontinue use and seek medical attention if signs of a serious allergic reaction occur.

Use during pregnancy or breastfeeding: Acetaminophen is generally considered safe for use during pregnancy and breastfeeding when used at recommended doses. However, it should be used under medical supervision, especially during the first trimester, to minimize potential risks to the fetus. Always consult a healthcare provider before using acetaminophen during pregnancy or lactation.