Nourianz

Generic name: Istradefylline

Drug class: Miscellaneous antiparkinson agents

Dosage form: Tablets (20 mg and 40 mg)

Route of administration: Oral

Dose: 20 mg once daily; may be increased to 40 mg once daily based on individual need and tolerability. Maximum recommended dose is 40 mg per day.

Mechanism of action: Istradefylline is an adenosine A2A receptor antagonist that modulates dopaminergic activity in the brain, thereby reducing “off” episodes in Parkinson’s disease patients.

Drug usage cases:

• Adjunctive treatment to levodopa/carbidopa in adults with Parkinson’s disease experiencing “off” episodes.

Drug contraindications:

• None specified.

Side effects:

• Dyskinesia (uncontrolled or involuntary muscle movements)
• Hallucinations
• Dizziness
• Nausea
• Constipation
• Insomnia
• Decreased appetite
• Upper respiratory tract infections

Warnings:

• Monitor for dyskinesia and hallucinations; adjust dosage as needed.
• Use caution in patients with a history of abnormal muscle movements or mental illness.
• Not recommended for use with strong CYP3A4 inducers.
• Use with caution in patients with hepatic impairment; avoid in severe cases.
• Smoking may affect drug metabolism; dosage adjustments may be necessary.

Use during pregnancy or breastfeeding:

There is limited information on the use of istradefylline during pregnancy and breastfeeding. It is recommended to consult a healthcare provider to weigh potential risks and benefits before use.